How To Fit A Horse Saddle &Amp; Saddle Styles

How to Fit a Horse Saddle

Styles of saddle

Dressage Saddles Most offer a closer fit to the horse, maximising contact between horse and rider. Knee rolls and saddle flap length are often longer, helping to create a longer, more effective leg position. The pommel and cantle are often a little higher giving non restrictive security and support when in the seat and excellent centre of balance for the rider.

Jumping Saddles Aims to give the rider extra grip and closeness. The saddle flaps and knee rolls are positioned further forward to accommodate for the more acute knee angle of the rider, providing better grip at the knee. The pommel and cantle are not raised high, enabling the rider to move in and out of jumping positions easily and without restriction.

General Purpose / All Purpose Saddles A widely used, versatile saddle. The cut of the saddle flaps and the height of the pommel and cantle allow for use in dressage, cross country and show jumping.

Fitting Saddles

Fitting saddles requires a lot of skill and should be done by qualified saddle fitters. There are a few points that can be observed and monitored by you to ensure the saddle is not uncomfortable for your horse.

Saddle size is determined by measuring from either side of the pommel (at the front of the skirt), to the middle of the cantle in a straight line. When sitting in the saddle the rider should be able to place 4 fingers between themselves and the cantle.

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P0TW7pxv9KU[/youtube]

The saddle,

Should not place any pressure on the spine, too wide or too narrow can cause pain and damage or bruise the spine or muscles running along the horses back.

Should not sit any further back than the 18th rib. Past this point there is soft and sensitive tissue that, if pressure is put on them, can cause discomfort.

Should sit clear of the horses shoulder blade allowing for freedom of movement and preventing any pinching, bruising, soreness or loss of blood circulation to the Trapezius muscle.

Should spread the weight of the rider evenly across the horses back. This will help to prevent pressure points from occurring.

Should clear the horses spine by 4 cm between pommel and withers (without a numnah) when the rider is on the horse.

Saddles, their fit to your horse and their fit to you should be checked twice yearly or more so if competing. This will accommodate for any changes that have arisen in your horse or saddle due to weight loss or muscle tone, work load or type of work done.

It is important to be aware of the factors that affect the fit of your saddle:

Ensuring you sit squarely in the saddle will help to prevent the saddle from becoming unevenly balanced.

Mounting from the ground continuously on the same side can, over time, pull the saddle out of the correct shape and put strain on the muscles of the horses back.

Both stirrup lengths should be the same, otherwise this contributes to uneven rider weight distribution.

Correct cleaning and maintenance of your saddle will keep it supple, allowing it to adapt to the horses shape fully, reducing pressure points.

Correctly sized numnahs and the use of them will prevent the saddle from cracking due to dirt and sweat from the horse.

Changes in weight and size of the rider or horse however subtle can affect the fit and comfort of the saddle on the horses back.

Changes in frequency, type and level of work that the horse is undergoing can alter the fit of the saddle.

It is easy to spot signs that your horse is uncomfortable under the saddle if you know what to look for,

Bucking.

Reluctancy to go forward, jump etc.

Reacting negatively at the sight of the saddle or when you go to put the saddle on their back.

Their back dipping as you mount or sit your weight on the saddle.

Unevenness /changes in their stride or changes in their movement on certain reins.

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Child released after spending entire life in Australian detention centre
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Child released after spending entire life in Australian detention centre

Tuesday, May 24, 2005

A Malaysian woman and her three year old daughter were released from Villawood Detention Centre on bridging visas yesterday after media coverage in Australia and Malaysia. Naomi Long, who recently turned three, was born in the Centre. Her mother, Virginia Long, was detained after trying to leave Australia on a false passport four years ago.

The plight of the young girl was revealed on ABC Radio’s PM program on March 5. Michael Dudley, a child and adolescent psychiatrist at Sydney Children’s Hospital who has visited the mother and daughter, spoke on the program of the importance of children mixing with others their own age, and the harm that prolonged detention was doing to Naomi.

“I mean that’s crucial to social development and emotional development in children and also, a sense of identity development and so on. She doesn’t have that opportunity and she’s also basically been brought up in prison, but in a highly abnormal environment with highly distressed people. It’s not an environment conducive to child development,” he said.

According to refugee advocate group ChilOut there are currently 28 children detained at Villawood, and 68 across all immigration detention facilities. The Federal Opposition Leader Kim Beasley has called for all children to be released.

“Kids don’t belong in detention, full stop,” he said.

According to ABC Online, Federal Liberal backbencher Petro Georgiou intends to introduce a private members bill against long-term mandatory detention, and detention of women and children. Prime Minister John Howard has indicated that he is mindful of the need for compassion, but he does not support a conscience vote.

“Mandatory detention is not a matter of conscience. It is a Government policy,” Mr Howard was quoted as saying. Howard has been a staunch supporter of hardline immigration and asylum policies since the mid 80’s.

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Google Taiwan: Building knowledge sharing center-stage with innovations
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Google Taiwan: Building knowledge sharing center-stage with innovations

Tuesday, December 25, 2007

Last Tuesday in Taipei, Google Taiwan held an annual summary press conference named “Collective Intelligence & Innovation” (In Chinese: ?????????). With many products had already been presented to the public like wikis, blogs, and photo albums in the Web 2.0 era, Google served to provide lots of services like Google Apps, Google Maps and YouTube with suitable versions in Taiwan differing other countries this year.

Global Deputy Director of Google Kai-Fu Lee said: “The contents on the Internet were mostly limited with some copyright issue in the past, but after many products in the Web 2.0 era are presented, several contents are progressively released and opened to the public in the presence. As those factors, we [Google] hope developers in Taiwan can develop useful tools for local people to apply with people’s life.”

“In order to change minds in public, we [Google] conjoined some required elements into people’s life, and services on iGoogle in Taiwan are progressively more and newer because of the improvements of developers. We hoped a simple service can be multiplied with releases of useful and functional tools,” he also said.

Also in this conference, the Engineering Director of the Google Taiwan R&D Center Li-feng Chien also announced the achievements on the “Google Taipei Developers’ Day” and invited developers named Chi-pao Hu and Yi-ru Lin to share some actual applications on iGoogle.

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Dressing Right With Blazer, Sport Coat, Or Suit Jacket

By Hendrik Pohl

Do you like to dress nice from time to time and are looking for different ways to change your look as well as ways to introduce new styles into your outfits? Then this article will help. It is my goal to discuss different types of jackets such as Blazers, Sport Coats, and Suit Jackets. In this article you will find tips on how to wear each, when to wear them, and how to combine them with other pieces of clothing.

First off all, no matter what type of jacket you choose, make sure that your outfit matches the occasion as well as your personal style. If you are a little uncertain, what your style is, then look through men’s fashion magazines such as GQ, Men’s Style, or Cigar Aficionado and find the styles & looks you like. Doing this will give you new ideas on different styles, and what outfits will look good on you. Whatever you choose, make the style your own and wear it with confidence.

Blazers

A blazer is a type of semi-formal jacket that usually is bought separately from the dress pants (unlike a suit). Blazers come in both styles: Single breasted, as well as double-breasted cuts. The choice of fabrics used varies widely, but usually fabrics with more patterns are chosen such as hound’s-tooth, herringbone, or windowpane patterns. In addition the fabric used is usually thicker and warmer wool. Classic blazers use more impressive buttons such as gold colored, buttons made from bone, or exotics types of wood.

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-0rlN4rbb3Y[/youtube]

The blazer will suit a wide range of events and dress codes ranging from business attire, to casual wear. The blazer is polished to a more formal look if combined with more formal accessories such as bow ties, dressy slacks, and pocket squares.

The typical blazer has a more traditional appearance. With this in mind, it will combine well with other more formal/traditional pieces of clothing accessories such as bow ties and pocket squares. When combining clothing to the blazer make sure that the patterns and colors harmonize. A window-pane pattern blazer in tan/ brown color shades would go excellent with light brown flannel pants with brown buttons, brown shoes, and a burgundy colored polka dot bow tie.

Sport Coats

As the name indicates, sport coats have a sporty, more casual look. The styles available vary widely in cuts, fabrics, and colors. You will find anything from beige-brown linen to a trendy purple sateen sport coat.

The more trendy-casual appearance of sport coats make them less suited for business attire worn to the office. Instead it is a dressy type of jacket for a night out at the bars or to a restaurant. The sport coat is most commonly combined with trendy designer jeans, tapered dress shirts, and skinny neckties. Shoes are usually also on the trendy-sporty side. Leather loafers work well on the more dressy side, while the retro-style sneakers will add a sportier look.

Suit Jackets

The suit jacket is usually bought in combination with matching pants made from the exact type of fabric. Typically suit jackets have a more conservative ‘Business Look’. The most common colors are charcoal gray, dark blues, or tan-brown. Patterns are less eccentric than those of most blazers, but nevertheless, fine pinstriped, windowpane and herringbone are quite common.

Suit jackets are almost exclusively combined with matching pants, dress shirt, dress shoes, and a belt. Other accessories such as neckties, and cufflinks are also quite common. Most common are suit jackets worn for business type of functions and as daily office wear.

About the Author: Hendrik Pohl is an expert author on men’s fashion. His personal interest in

mens neckties

, bow ties and cufflinks inspired him to open his own online retailer: Ties-Necktie.com – A unique online boutique specializing in fine men’s neckwear. You will find anything from traditional

striped neckties

to contemporary Italian designer neckties.

Source:

isnare.com

Permanent Link:

isnare.com/?aid=328713&ca=Advice

Wikinews Shorts: February 5, 2007
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Wikinews Shorts: February 5, 2007

A compilation of brief news reports for Monday, February 5, 2007.

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U.S. force-feeding Guantanamo hunger strikers
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U.S. force-feeding Guantanamo hunger strikers

Friday, October 7, 2005

Reports from Amnesty International and an attorney representing some detainees indicate that hunger strikes continue among those held at the United States detention facility in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. More than 200 prisoners are participating in the hunger strike — of these, 21 are being force fed by military personnel.

According to human rights lawyer Clive Stafford Smith, the prisoners have been shackled to their beds to prevent them removing the feeding tubes that have been inserted into their noses. “The notion that a qualified medical practitioner would be prepared to supervise such a procedure (as force-feeding through a tube), goes against all medical ethics, certainly in this country,” said Trevor Turner, a director of St. Bartholomew’s Hospital of London.

Military authorities maintain that only 36 detainees are currently strikers — they define a hunger striker as one who has refused at least nine meals. According to U.S. military personnel, a striker is only force-fed when his life is in danger.

Some detainees have been striking since August to protest the alleged inhumane conditions at the camp as well as their indefinite confinement without charge or normal legal rights, according to attorneys representing them.

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Counting The Pennies? How To Buy Christmas Presents That Won’t Break The Bank

By John Smith

Everywhere we look there appears to be more than a hint of doom and gloom for us all, with fuel bills on the increase, the credit crunch and a threat of recession in the air. Every time we open the newspaper there is nothing but more bad news. With winter looming just around the corner, you are probably juggling with the idea of throwing an extra layer of woolly jumpers on just so as to avoid a huge heating bill. So the thought of buying Christmas presents may be a more than a bit of a worry. However, you don’t have to spend a fortune to demonstrate how you feel about someone when selecting a Christmas present.

There is a vast choice of presents available to purchase that are economical without being cheap. You don’t have to resort to a boring pair of socks or predictable selection box. The secret is to be original. It all depends how little you want to spend.

Everyone needs a calendar for noting those important dates, or just to remind them what day of the week it is. You can get personal with a personalised calendar with extensive range of themes to suit all interests, tastes and age groups. In fact there is so much to choose from that you could go the whole hog and just buy a calendar for everyone on your list. Whether you are buying for a football fan, someone with a general love of all sports, a chocoholic or the love of your life, there is something for everyone with their name emblazoned on every page.

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ptODTUMXDuU[/youtube]

For gardening enthusiasts there are Grow It gift boxes with everything they need to start a vegetable patch, bonsai collection, or even their very own tea and coffee plantation. If you are stuck for ideas for a present for your moggy, she will thank you forever for the cat grass kit, guaranteed to drive her nuts with joy. The pocket garden packs are a fun and educational way of introducing children to the world of horticulture and a carnivorous plant gift box will produce some evil looking, fly eating plants that will keep kids fascinated and feed their love of the macabre.

Stuck for ideas for your colleagues in the office? Is your boss driving you mad? A Control-a-Boss Remote will be greatly appreciated and soon everyone in the building will want one, except the boss, of course. And for the boss you could get your message across with an I Love Deadlines mug. The boss will think of you and appreciate you every time she takes a swig. This Christmas present may even earn you a promotion.

Children are probably the most difficult people to buy Christmas presents for these days. Time was, they’d be happy with an old tangerine and a cardboard box. Nowadays they’ve probably got at least one of everything on the market, most of which ends up stuffed under the bed. So you need to find something unusual to keep them entertained. To keep them engrossed long after the last present has been unwrapped and all the chocolates scoffed, a self-build kaleidoscope will send them off to their bedrooms to construct this timeless toy, and the grown-ups will be the ones squabbling to have a go.

For those little dears who are hard to persuade that a bath is what they need, a shocking red devil shower cap with yellow horns will do the trick along with a teddy on a rope soap. The kids can always keep the adults at bay with a fabulous spud gun, by either firing it at them or for handing over to Granny and Gramps who can chase each other out in the snow with glee until they are enticed back indoors with the promise of more ginger wine. And when the little loves are tucked up in bed and the neighbours have invited themselves round, you can crack open a bottle of personalised quality champagne or play some drinking games with Mortal Peril, an electronic game set that gives you a forfeit, whether you like it or not.

For the most important person in your life, you can’t go wrong with a romantic picture frame, especially if it contains a photo of little old you. If you are into saving the planet, and you can’t do it single handed, you can dedicate a broad-leafed tree to your loved one, happy in the knowledge that your gift is doing its bit to soak up some carbon dioxide. Or introduce your partner to astronomy by naming a star on his or her behalf. How many people can say they have a star named after them? You can go outside on those clear frosty nights, look up at the sky and wonder which one of those glittering stars is yours.

It is definitely possible to do your Christmas presents shopping on a shoe string. Just make your selections funky and original and they will love you for it.

About the Author: To explore our range of

Christmas Presents

further, please visit our website at http://www.gettingpersonal.co.uk.

Source:

isnare.com

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Australian researchers confirm stress makes you sick
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Australian researchers confirm stress makes you sick

Wednesday, December 7, 2005

Australian researchers say they have scientifically proven that stress causes sickness. The Garvan Institute in Sydney has discovered that a hormone, known as neuropeptide Y (NPY) is released into the body during times of stress. Their findings show the hormone can stop the immune system from functioning properly.

“Neuropeptide Y is one of those hormones that gets unregulated or released from neurones when stressful situations occur…it’s known for example that it regulates blood pressure and heart rates so your heart rate goes up but it hasn’t been known that it actually can affect immune cells as well,” said Professor Herbert Herzog, one of the researchers.

Herzog feels it is good to finally have proof of something people have suspected for so long.

“Now we have proven without doubt that there is a direct link and that stress can weaken the immune system and that makes you more vulnerable when you for example have a cold or flu and even in the more serious situations such as cancer can be enhanced in these situations,” said Herzog.

The Garvan Institute study centres on two key events that enable the human body to recognise foreign substances and control invaders. When our body encounters a pathogen (bacteria and viruses), the immune cells retain and interrogate suspects. Their activation is made possible by NPY. These cells then return to the lymph nodes, which are found all over the body, with information about the foreign invaders. The lymph nodes are where decisions about defence are made.

“Most of us expect to come down with a cold or other illness when we are under pressure, but until now we have mostly had circumstantial evidence for a link between the brain and the immune system,” said lead Garvan researcher, associate Professor Fabienne Mackay. “During periods of stress, nerves release a lot of NPY and it gets into the bloodstream, where it directly impacts on the cells in the immune system that look out for and destroy pathogens (bacteria and viruses) in the body.”

In the case of bacteria and viruses, TH1 cells are part of the attack team that is sent out on the ‘search and destroy’ mission. But when their job is done they need to be turned ‘off’ and the immune system reset. The same hormone, NPY, that activates the sentry cells now prompts the TH1 cells to slow down and die.

“Under normal conditions, circulating immune cells produce small amounts of NPY, which enables the immune cells on sentry duty and the TH1 immune cells to operate – it’s a yin and yang kind of situation. But too much NPY means that the TH1 attack is prevented despite the foreign invaders being identified – and this is what happens during stress,” added McKay.

The impact of stress on the body has been observed in athletes. Ph. D researcher at the University of Queensland, Luke Spence, together with the Australian Institute of Sport, studied elite and recreational athletes over five months.

They found elite athletes were more susceptible to respiratory diseases under stress.

“A lot of elite athletes put themselves through vast amounts of physical stress in their training, but also their emotional, psychological stress of feeling the pressure of Australia on their shoulders, wanting to compete and wanting to do their best,” said Spence.

It’s not just athletes who are prone to stress. Pressures at work and at home may cause emotional and mental stress that can be equally damaging. Almost a third of all work absenteeism in Australia is due to illness, costing employers over $10 billion a year.

“I think it has a huge impact for the work force and also for employers – if their employees are constantly stressed, constantly under pressure, they are more likely to get sick,” Spence said.

Further research could lead to the development of new drugs which may inhibit the action of the neuropeptide Y hormone.

Herzog warns people to minimise stress before it becomes a problem.

“Relaxation methods like yoga will help you to prevent that but there will still be people out there that are not responding to that and treatment by interfering with the system will be important,” he said. “There’s obviously some time until such a treatment will be available but this is something we will definitely work towards.”

The Garvan research will be published in the Journal of Experimental Medicine, Volume 202, No. 11.

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New species of dart frog discovered in Colombia
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New species of dart frog discovered in Colombia

Thursday, August 30, 2007

Scientists have discovered a new species of venomous dart frog in Colombia.

The new species, dubbed the ‘golden frog of Supatá’, is 2cm (0.8 inch) long and has a range of just 50 acres (20 hectares), which is believed to be the reason why the frog remained undiscovered until now.

The frog was found in February during an expedition arranged by the Conservation Leadership Program (CLP), a nonprofit organization, but the discovery has only just been announced.

However, according to Giovanni Chaves, a biologist from the CLP, the frog is in imminent danger. “This frog exists in a little fragment of cloud forest that is under intense {{w|anthropogenic]] pressure, mainly the destruction of the forest for cattle-raising and agriculture,” he said.

“This discovery allows us to know a little more about the ecology of these beautiful animals, and it will also allow us to use it as a symbol to carry out campaigns of environmental education in this area, to show the need to protect and to conserve the fauna and flora of this region of Colombia.”

Colombia has one of the richest diversities of amphibians in the world, with more than 583 known species.

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