Guidelines To Finding Independent Sales Representatives

Author: Admin     03 5th, 2021 in Workplace Policy     No Comments »

By Hency Bunner

Manufactures know that sales channels are not only ways to getting new business but also a lifeline just staying alive. In this every changing market where foreign manufacturers are eroding the market share with low pricing, manufacturers must find ways to sell their products and reduce cost.

So what are a manufacturer’s options when it comes to sales? Adding a direct sales force to your payroll can be expensive and risky. A direct sales person must be trained in both product knowledge and selling skills. Once put into the field, most manufactures will allow six month and then expect a return on their investment. If the results are not there, then the manufacture must start all over again.

Another method is to use independent sales reps that only get paid on results. Sounds like to best route to go but there are downsides. Sales reps sell for a number of different manufacturers and thus your product offering may get the attention you expect. Also independent sales reps set their own hours, choose the customers they call upon and sell the products of they choose. Sales reps also want to take over existing business in their territory without earning it or expect to get paid for any missionary work they may do to develop new accounts. This also can be expensive and risky.

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ibzoPTJdc9o[/youtube]

Even though there are downsides to using sales reps, there are benefits that far beyond a direct sales force. A properly selected, trained, managed and motivated sales rep network can produce results and keep your marketing and sales overhead down. Here is the process of developing a productive sales rep network.

The first step in developing productive sales rep network is finding and selecting the right sales reps. Easier said than done. It is estimate that there are over 90,000 sales reps in the US that sell everything from cleaning supplies to airplanes. Finding to right reps is like finding a needle in a haystack. The places you can look are business to business yellow pages, association directories, putting up signs at trade shows, asking customers where to find good reps, internet rep search engines, sales representative associations, word of mouth, etc.

The second step in selecting the right sales rep is to review the rep’s line card. A line card is a list of the companies and products a sales rep represents. The line card will indicate the product mix. Your product line must complement the products on the line card. Sales reps specialize in complementary products and industries. Also the type and quality of manufacturers the sales rep presently represents can indicate the skill level of the prospective sales rep. A word to the wise, sales reps that have too many lines, normally to not have the time to pitch everyone’s lines.

Once a candidate is selected via the line card, the next step is to contact the sale rep. This can be done by mail, email and phone. Keep in mind that the good sales reps already have a revenue stream from their present principals and thus you will have to do some selling for the sales rep to carry your line. Some manufacturers think that sales reps are just waiting to pick up another line. The opposite is true. The good sales reps will not pickup a line they don’t think they can sell. For these reps, it’s a waste of time to carry to many lines. Other factors maybe the sales reps may have a conflict and/or their plate is full. The average of sales reps contacted to those who are interested is about 4:1. So don’t get discouraged if you find that there is some work involved.

Once you and sales rep has had an opportunity to review each other materials and there is still interest by both parties, then an interview is in order. A face-to-face meeting is very important either in the field or at the manufacturing plant. It recommended that the manufacturer met the sales rep in the field. This way the manufacturer can see how the sales rep place of business.

About the Author: We are a marketing consulting firm that has a number of independent reps and distributors who are looking to represent a company like yours but do not know whom to contact. Call or visit our website at Proact 2000 LLC, 12123 Shelbyville Road, Louisville, KY 40245,

proact2000.com

Source:

isnare.com

Permanent Link:

isnare.com/?aid=243006&ca=Business+Management

Wikinews interviews Mario J. Lucero and Isabel Ruiz of Heaven Sent Gaming
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Wikinews interviews Mario J. Lucero and Isabel Ruiz of Heaven Sent Gaming
Author: Admin     03 5th, 2021 in Uncategorized     No Comments »

Friday, November 7, 2014Albuquerque, New Mexico —Online entertainment is a booming market, and plenty of players are making their play; back in March of this year The Walt Disney Company bought the multi-channel network Maker Studios. What is web entertainment, and the arts therein? And, who are the people venturing into this field? Wikinews interviewed Mario Lucero and Isabel Ruiz, the founders of Heaven Sent Gaming, a small entertainment team. This group has been responsible for several publications, within several different media formats; one successful example was aywv, a gaming news website, which was #1 in Gaming on YouTube in 2009, from September to November; Heaven Sent Gaming was also the subject of a referential book, released in 2014, entitled Internet Legends – Heaven Sent Gaming.

Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=Wikinews_interviews_Mario_J._Lucero_and_Isabel_Ruiz_of_Heaven_Sent_Gaming&oldid=3060362”

UK lawyer comments on court case against Boeing over London jet crash
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UK lawyer comments on court case against Boeing over London jet crash
Author: Admin     03 5th, 2021 in Uncategorized     No Comments »

Friday, November 20, 2009

On Thursday, ten of those on board British Airways Flight 38 launched a case against Boeing over the accident before a court in Illinois. They are suing over an alleged flawed design that allowed an ice buildup to bring the 777 jet down at London’s Heathrow Airport. Scottish advocate Peter Macdonald spoke to Wikinews, commenting on the case and explaining the surrounding legislation. He has experience of litigating aviation accidents.

Although investigations are ongoing, the United Kingdom’s Air Accidents Investigation Branch (AAIB) has issued interim reports indicating ice buildup on an engine component. As the jet passed over Siberia on its journey from Beijing, China it encountered significantly reduced temperatures. The AAIB has determined that the fuel was at a temperature below 0°C for an unusually long duration. This is believed to have caused water in the fuel — which met all relevant international standards — to have frozen into crystals.

A build-up of ice developed on a component called the fuel/oil heat exchanger. This restricted the flow of fuel to the engine, resulting in an “uncommanded engine rollback” — a loss of power — on approach for landing. Investigators initially struggled to produce enough ice under test conditions but later discovered that at high concentration, fuel can form ice at very low temperatures in enough quantity to seriously restrict fuel flow. This does not occur when fuel demand is lower, as the hot oil then becomes sufficient to entirely melt the ice. It was only when extra fuel was pumped in from the tanks for the landing that the crystals became a problem. The fuel/oil heat exchanger is a dual purpose part designed to simultaneously melt fuel ice and cool down engine oil by passing oil pipes through the fuel flow.

If I am correct that it is a product liability suit, then the fact that this is the first such accident matters not

The crew of the aircraft were praised for their handling of the emergency, avoiding the airport’s perimeter fence and nearby houses to crash land short of the runway. None of the 136 passengers and 16 crew were killed but some of those suffered serious injuries, including broken bones and facial injuries. Some were left unable to fly and there were cases of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).

The crash was triggered by highly unusual circumstances; the first AAIB report noted that cold fuel behaving in this manner was an “apparently hitherto unknown phenomenon.” As part of the investigation, data of 141,000 flights of 777s equipped with the engine model involved — the Rolls-Royce Trent 800 — was reviewed without finding any relevant circumstance similar to the accident flight, although there was later a similar incident in the United States in which the aircraft continued safely after repowering one engine; the second did not lose power.

Given the circumstances surrounding the case, Wikinews asked Peter Macdonald if the plaintiffs intended to prove that Boeing knew or should have known the Rolls-Royce powerplant was dangerously defective by design. “I rather suspect that there may be product liability legislation in place in whichever US jurisdiction is being used,” Macdonald explained. “Such statutes normally do not require proof of fault, nor do they require proof of knowledge. All that you have to show is that there was a defect in the product which caused the losses concerned… If I am correct that it is a product liability suit, then the fact that this is the first such accident matters not.”

[Rolls-Royce] would be liable for a defect in terms of the Consumer Protection Act 1987

Macdonald went on to discuss the international legislation and how it interacts to the plaintiffs and the three companies involved — Boeing, British Airways and Rolls-Royce. Only Boeing is currently named in an action over the case. “There are several reasons why the plaintiffs will wish to sue Boeing in the States,” he said. “Were the plaintiffs to seek redress in a court in the United Kingdom, it is unlikely that the relevant part of Boeing would be subject to jurisdiction here.” He also pointed out that “US damages are generally higher than English damages.”

“As to whether Boeing should settle, that all depends upon the basis of the action. If it is a fault [negligence] based action, they will be able to defend it. If fault is not needed, that is why they would want the action dismissed, forcing litigation in the UK.” In the UK, a product liability suit “would ordinarily be directed against the importers, i.e. British Airways… It would be a simple matter to sue BA here [the UK] for the physical injuries and their financial consequences,” said Macdonald. “That leaves RR [Rolls-Royce]. I assume that the engine was made in the UK. They would be liable for a defect in terms of the Consumer Protection Act 1987, Part I.” This piece of UK-wide legislation states that “where any damage is caused wholly or partly by a defect in a product [the manufacturer] shall be liable for the damage.” Damage includes injuries.

US courts decide international jurisdictional issues under the Jones Act, passed as a result of Bhopal litigation, “which makes it much more difficult for a foreigner to sue in the US if the accident did not happen there… My restricted understanding of that is that it is likely that it would be difficult to remove an action from a US court where the aircraft was made in the US.” He further pointed out that the court would require there to be an alternative court with jurisdiction over the issue. “It may well be that the relevant part of the Boeing group is not subject to the jurisdiction of the English courts… I have seen cases where it was made a condition of the grant of an order under the Jones Act that the defendants would submit to the jurisdiction of a court in Scotland and that they would not take a plea of time bar in the even that an action was raised within three months of the court order.”

He then addressed the international law with regards to what could be claimed for against air carriers such as BA. In a previous case against the same airline, Abnett v British Airways, the House of Lords ruled in 1997 “that the only remedy for an injured passenger on an international flight is to sue under the Warsaw Convention, Article 17, incorporated into our law by the Carriage by Air Act, 1961.” The Warsaw Convention governs liability for international commercial airlines. At the time, the House of Lords was the highest court of appeal in the UK, although it was recently replaced by the Supreme Court. The Abnett case referred to British Airways Flight 149, in which Iraq captured the aircraft and occupants when it landed in Kuwait hours after Iraq invaded in 1990. Peter Macdonald represented Abnett in this case.

The Convention “provides a remedy for “bodily injury”. Interestingly, the term only appeared in the final draft of the Warsaw Convention. There is no mention of the term in the minutes of the many sessions which lead up to the final draft. It was produced overnight and signed later that day.” This term creates difficulties in claiming for mental problems such as the fear of flying or PTSD, although Macdonald points out that “there is a large amount of medical literature which details physical and chemical changes in the brains of people who are suffering from PTSD.”

In King v Bristow Helicopters, heard before the House of Lords in 2002 “held that PTSD was not a “bodily injury”, but expressly left the door open for someone to try to prove that what is known as PTSD is the manifestation of physical changes in the brain which have been brought about by the trauma. Such a litigation is pending in Scotland.” Macdonald is acting in this case.

Actions against Boeing are not bound in this way, as the Warsaw Convention only applies to airlines, making the States an attractive place to sue due to the issues with demonstrating jurisdiction against the relevant part of the Boeing group in the UK. Another reason why the plaintiffs would prefer to sue in America is that in the UK “there would be liability [for BA], and that would be subject to a damages cap. An action in the US [against any defendant] would probably have the same cap, but is likely to award damages more generously in the event that the cap is not reached.”

Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=UK_lawyer_comments_on_court_case_against_Boeing_over_London_jet_crash&oldid=4577487”

Truckies could foot the bill for NSW Pacific Highway upgrade
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Truckies could foot the bill for NSW Pacific Highway upgrade
Author: Admin     03 4th, 2021 in Uncategorized     No Comments »

Sunday, January 8, 2006

Just two weeks after a join statement by Australian federal roads minister Jim Lloyd and his New South Wales counterpart Joe Tripoldi that tolls may be used to fast track upgrades of the Pacific Highway, acting Prime Minister Mark Vaile suggested that truck operators could pay up to a $70 toll.

Mr Vaile claims that industry sources claim that it is $400 less for a B-double semi trailer to drive from Sydney to Brisbane via the Pacific Highway than the New England Highway (which is the national highway) because of the upgrades carried out over the past 10 years.

Mr Valie claims the transport industry would accept a $70 toll. “Anything we do is going to enhance their efficiency”. “Therefore the transport industry would be prepared to pay a toll – not just a $5 or $7 or $10 toll. For Sydney to Brisbane, who knows, (they could pay) a $50 to $70 toll, because these efficiencies are so significant now in running that sector.”

The federal and state governments have committed to converting the highway to dual carriageway between Sydney and Port Macquarie and Brisbane and Byron Bay within three years. The remainder of the highway (with the exception of the section replaced by the Sydney – Newcastle Freeway was scheduled to be completed by 2016.

Mr Vaile said that the New South Wales government should look at using public-private partnerships to fund upgrades between Port Macquarie and Byron Bay. He further hinted that regular motorists would still pay tolls, although they would be variable depending on the length of highway used.

Kathy and Greg Campbell who lost Greg’s mother and their daughters Becky, 9, and Jessy, 8, when a truck slammed into their car head on south of Buladelah said the number of trucks which use the single carriageway section is an outrage. Ms Campbell said that the federal government received AU$14 billion a year in fuel excise from motorists and the estimated cost to complete the highway upgrade was AU$8 billion.

Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=Truckies_could_foot_the_bill_for_NSW_Pacific_Highway_upgrade&oldid=4510723”

How To Make Your Skin Fairer

Author: Admin     03 3rd, 2021 in Fertility Treatments     No Comments »

By Janice Tham

Have you ever longed for fairer, brighter skin? Strange isn’t it? How some very fair ladies feel they look sickly and bask in the sun for a so called healthy tan. They were healthier pale than browned because a tan is a sign of sun damage. If you are born brown, then you would be the envy of these women. Then again, the grass is always greener on the other side. Dark girls often want to be fair.

Modern technology is amazing. A pale girl can get tan skin without even stepping out in the sun. Thanks to self tanners in the form of lotions or even pills.

Likewise, dark girls can go fairer. Going to a plastic surgeon for skin bleaching can give you very drastic results. Your best bet is to stay out of the sun and use sun protection and wear long sleeves and pants by day to allow your skin fade to the color you were born with.

An old home remedy to fade away the freckles and dark spots with lemon juice. It is a risky thing because lemon juice is very acid pH2. Sulphuric acid is just 1 point away at pH1, so you can imagine how acidic lemons are. You could end up burning or irritating your skin with lemon juice. At very least, it would make your skin more sensitive to sunlight. UV exposure triggers off melanin production. If your skin is continuously irritated, not just by sunlight, but by pollutants and allergens, your skin will react by producing more melanin and darkening even further.

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uqYaOmeXy98[/youtube]

Basically, your skin gets dark because melanin is produced by your skin, to shade it from the sun. The freckles, dark spots and even the even tan is due to melanin clustering together to protect your skin.

To get fair, you slowly exfoliate off the darkened skin over time and prevent the new skin from darkening. As the darkened dead skin cells are rubbed off, younger,lighter skin is revealed. It takes time no doubt, but the results are worth the wait.

There are several things commonly used to lighten the skin.

Hydroquinone is one of them but in higher concentrations, it can cause irritations and may even be carcinogenic. It makes skin lighter by preventing melanin from being formed.

Alchemilla a plant popular amongst the alchemists in the Middle Ages, slows the release of melanin pigments to your skin, hence slowing down the darkening of your skin.

Kojic acid is used to to prevent melanin formation.

Black-Out Yeast Complex, a formula by clinique, used extensively in its Derma White range breaks down the melanin clusters so that these can be disposed of via exfoliation and defuses irritants that would otherwise darken the skin, through its delivery of antioxidants. Most importantly, it prevents more melanin from forming by blocking away the signals to produce melanin.

Then there are the skin bleaching treatments by a plastic surgeon using AHAs or retin-A amongst other things. These are for more drastic results. For something gentler, I suggest you get a skin whitening range from your favourite skin care brand.

About the Author: You can get Derma white and other beauty enhancers at sisadvice.com

Source: isnare.com

Permanent Link: isnare.com/?aid=291466&ca=Womens+Interest

Strongest earthquake in 150 years hits Costa Rica
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Strongest earthquake in 150 years hits Costa Rica
Author: Admin     03 3rd, 2021 in Uncategorized     No Comments »

Saturday, January 10, 2009

The United States Geological Survey said a 6.1 Mw earthquake struck on Thursday, at 01:21:34 p.m. local time (6:21:34 p.m. UTC) in northern Costa Rica, a Central American country, 30 kilometres (19 mi) NNW of San José and near the volcano Poás.

The epicenter was at 20 miles (32 kilometers) north-northwest of San Jose at a depth of 2.8 miles (4.5 kilometers), with Coordinate 10° 11? 49.2? N, 84° 9? 32.4? W, and Decimal 10.197,-84.159. Causing widespread panic and damage, it was felt all over Costa Rica as well as in southern central Nicaragua, and was the strongest to shake Costa Rica in about 150 years.

“Today is a day of mourning for Costa Ricans,” President Oscar Arias Sanchez said. “These losses of life fill us with pain; our prayers will be for their families, hundreds of families had seen serious damage to their homes,” Arias added. Originally seventeen people, including three children, were reported killed but was later decreased to 5 fatalities. About 42 were reported missing, at least 32 were injured and 2,450 people affected.

The quake toll jumped to 34 dead, 64 missing, on Saturday, while emergency workers rescued at least 200 stranded tourists in Varablanca hotel, according to Ministry of Infrastructure spokeswoman Silvia Chaves.

Amid problems of mudslides, cracked roads, tumbling rocks and fallen trees, National Social Security and Health agency, Red Cross rescue workers, firemen and police rushed Friday to evacuate about 600 people. Half of them were foreign tourists stranded in La Paz Waterfall Gardens eco-resort in Vara Blanca, and others were trapped by boulders and earth, when mountain roads in Costa Rica blocked two villages of Vara Blanca and Cinchona. The main CNE warehouse containing relief items (food, mattresses), for distribution to the victims, was burned, while the second airport in San Jose, is now closed.

Most of the victims died when part of the hillside collapsed and a landslide occurred near the La Paz waterfall at Vara Blanca, on the flanks of the volcano Poás. The Poas Volcano National Park was utterly destroyed and the La Paz waterfall road was torn, causing about 300 tourists trapped. At least 400 people were evacuated from the area in rescue helicopters.

Constant 2,000 aftershocks (1,200 through early Friday in the towns of San Pedro de Poas and Vara Blanca), complicated the rescue and emergency missions for stranded people in mountainous central zones. National Emergency Commission official Victor Falla said that there were small tremors every couple of minutes. “It’s shaking right now,” he added. 1,244 people were displaced, and 1,078 people are living in shelters. In addition, a hotel, houses, roads, and vehicles were damaged, and a couple of bridges were destroyed. The town of Cinchona was heavily hit, and all of the buildings there were heavily damaged. Power was temporarily disrupted in San José. “There are many buses and many vehicles that are trapped,” deputy public safety minister Jose Torres said.

In the central valley, populated by 2.5 million of the country’s four million inhabitants, the National Emergency Board declared an emergency in the metropolitan area including San Jose, Cartago, Alajuela and Heredia. The earthquake hit strongest the remote area near Alajuela. Several homes collapsed and major highways were still blocked.

A team of 34 U.S. military personnel and four Black Hawk helicopters from Honduras-based Joint Task Force-Bravo was sent on Friday by the U.S. Government to assist Costa Rican rescue workers, which include 400 volunteers and Red Cross personnel, who were dispensing aid in 15 communities. Colombia and China had also offered assistance to quake victims. The U.S. Army and Air Force aviation crews, rescue, medical and support personnel, is coordinating with the Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA) in the rescue efforts. At least 150 stranded tourists from the United States, France, Canada and Spain, were finally rescued on Friday.

Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=Strongest_earthquake_in_150_years_hits_Costa_Rica&oldid=4522685”

Wikinews 2020: An ‘Original reporting’ year in review
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Wikinews 2020: An ‘Original reporting’ year in review
Author: Admin     03 3rd, 2021 in Uncategorized     No Comments »

Friday, January 1, 2021

After an active year of original content published on the English-language Wikinews, we take a look back at some of the two dozen-plus original reports from our contributors during 2020.

Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=Wikinews_2020:_An_%27Original_reporting%27_year_in_review&oldid=4608262”

Blown for Good author discusses life inside international headquarters of Scientology
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Blown for Good author discusses life inside international headquarters of Scientology
Author: Admin     03 1st, 2021 in Uncategorized     No Comments »

Friday, November 13, 2009

Wikinews interviewed author Marc Headley about his new book Blown for Good, and asked him about life inside the international headquarters of Scientology known as “Gold Base“, located in Gilman Hot Springs near Hemet, California. Headley joined the organization at age seven when his mother became a member, and worked at Scientology’s international management headquarters for several years before leaving in 2005.

Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=Blown_for_Good_author_discusses_life_inside_international_headquarters_of_Scientology&oldid=1659358”

N10 006 Preparation Kits}

Author: Admin     02 27th, 2021 in Gates     No Comments »

N10-006 Preparation Kits

by

Judith M. Ehlers

Question: 1

A technician needs to limit the amount of broadcast traffic on a network and allow different segments to communicate with each other. Which of the following options would satisfy these requirements?

A. Add a router and enable OSPF.

B. Add a layer 3 switch and create a VLAN.

C. Add a bridge between two switches.

D. Add a firewall and implement proper ACL.

Answer: B

Explanation:

We can limit the amount of broadcast traffic on a switched network by dividing the computers into logical network segments called VLANs.

A virtual local area network (VLAN) is a logical group of computers that appear to be on the same LAN even if they are on separate IP subnets. These logical subnets are configured in the network switches. Each VLAN is a broadcast domain meaning that only computers within the same VLAN will receive broadcast traffic.

To allow different segments (VLAN) to communicate with each other, a router is required to establish a connection between the systems. We can use a network router to route between the VLANs or we can use a Layer 3 switch. Unlike layer 2 switches that can only read the contents of the data-link layer protocol header in the packets they process, layer 3 switches can read the (IP) addresses in the network layer protocol header as well.

Incorrect Answers:

A: OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a link-state IP routing protocol used for very large enterprise networks. It is not used to limit broadcast traffic within networks. You could use a router and divide the network into smaller subnets to limit broadcast traffic; however, you would not use OSPF as the routing protocol.

C: A bridge is a layer 2 (data-link layer) device that splits a LAN into two separate collision domains and filters the packets passing between them by using their hardware addresses. However, a bridge will forward broadcast traffic between the collision domains so broadcast traffic will not be reduced.

D: A firewall is used to restrict traffic between networks or subnets (typically between the Internet and the LAN) based on rules that specify source/destination IPs and port numbers. You would not use a firewall within a network to limit broadcast traffic on the network.

References:

Zacker, Craig, CompTIA Network+ Exam N10-005 Training Kit, OReilly Media, Inc., Sebastopol, 2012, p 134

Question: 2

The network install is failing redundancy testing at the MDF. The traffic being transported is a mixture of multicast and unicast signals. Which of the following would BEST handle the rerouting caused by the disruption of service?

A. Layer 3 switch

B. Proxy server

C. Layer 2 switch

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jOE1PsbbSVA[/youtube]

D. Smart hub

Answer: A

Explanation:

The question states that the traffic being transported is a mixture of multicast and unicast signals. There are three basic types of network transmissions: broadcasts, which are packets transmitted to every node on the network; unicasts, which are packets transmitted to just one node; and multicasts, which are packets transmitted to a group of nodes. Multicast is a layer 3 feature of IPv4 & IPv6. Therefore, we would need a layer 3 switch (or a router) to reroute the traffic. Unlike layer 2 switches that can only read the contents of the data-link layer protocol header in the packets they process, layer 3 switches can read the (IP) addresses in the network layer protocol header as well.

Incorrect Answers:

B: There are different types of proxy server, the most common being a web proxy server. When a client application such as a web browser requests a web page, the request is sent to the proxy server. The proxy server will then fulfill the request either by serving a cached page or by requesting the web page from the web server. This can improve performance (less web pages being downloaded over an Internet connection) and improve security (web page requests can be blocked). A proxy server is not used to reroute unicast and multicast traffic in the event of a network connectivity interruption.

C: A layer 2 switch that can only read the contents of the data-link layer (layer 2) protocol header in the packets they process. A layer 2 switch cannot route multicast (layer 3) traffic.

D: Years ago, switches were very expensive compared to hubs. Nowadays, switches are much cheaper so most people use switches rather than hubs. Computers connect to hubs in the same way they connect to switches. However, traffic sent to one hub port will be forwarded out of all the other ports because hubs do not maintain a MAC address table so they do not know which port a destination computer is connected to. A smart hub has some added intelligence that enables it to detect and isolate network problems. However, a smart hub does not reroute traffic.

References:

Zacker, Craig, CompTIA Network+ Exam N10-005 Training Kit, OReilly Media, Inc., Sebastopol, 2012, p 134

http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/proxy-server

http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/answer/What-is-a-smart-hub-as-opposed-to-one-that-is-not-dumb-hub

Question: 3

Which of the following network devices use ACLs to prevent unauthorized access into company systems?

A. IDS

B. Firewall

C. Content filter

D. Load balancer

Answer: B

Explanation:

A firewall is a system designed to prevent unauthorized access to or from a private network. Firewalls are frequently used to prevent unauthorized Internet users from accessing private networks connected to the Internet, especially intranets. Firewalls use ACLs (access control lists) to determine which traffic is allowed through the firewall. All traffic entering or leaving the intranet passes through the firewall, which examines each message and blocks or allows the message depending on rules specified in the ACL. The rules in the ACL specify which combinations of source IP address, destination address in IP port numbers are allowed.

Incorrect Answers:

A: An intrusion detection system (IDS) is a hardware device or software application that monitors network or system activities for malicious activities or policy violations and produces reports to a management station. An IDS does not use an ACL to prevent unauthorized access into company systems.

C: The most common type of content filter is a web content filter. A web content filter is a hardware device or software application that examines web pages as they are downloaded. The page can then be blocked if it does not comply with company web policy. A content filter does not use an ACL to prevent unauthorized access into company systems.

D: A load balancer is a hardware device or software application that directs traffic between multiple servers to balance the load between the servers. For example, if you have multiple web servers serving the same content, a load balancer will evenly distribute requests for the web pages between the servers. A load balancer does not use an ACL to prevent unauthorized access into company systems.

References:

http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/F/firewall.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrusion_detection_system

Question: 4

Which of the following is used to define how much bandwidth can be used by various protocols on the network?

A. Traffic shaping

B. High availability

C. Load balancing

D. Fault tolerance

Answer: A

Explanation:

If a network connection becomes saturated to the point where there is a significant level of contention, network latency can rise substantially.

Traffic shaping is used to control the bandwidth used by network traffic. In a corporate environment, business-related traffic may be given priority over other traffic. Traffic can be prioritized based on the ports used by the application sending the traffic. Delayed traffic is stored in a buffer until the higher priority traffic has been sent.

Incorrect Answers:

B: High availability is a term used to describe a network or system that can remain operational in the event of a component failure. For example, two servers in a cluster are a common high availability solution. If one server fails, the other takes over. In networking terms, high availability would include redundant network links and network devices such as switches and routers such that computers would still be able to communicate in the event of a failure of any network device. High availability is not used to define how much bandwidth can be used by various protocols on the network.

C: A load balancer is a hardware device or software application that directs traffic between multiple servers to balance the load between the servers. For example, if you have multiple web servers serving the same content, a load balancer can evenly distribute requests for the web pages between the servers. Load balancing is the process of distributing a load between resources. Load balancing is not used to define how much bandwidth can be used by various protocols on the network.

D: Fault tolerance is similar to high availability. It describes a systems ability to remain available in the event of a component failure. Fault tolerance is not used to define how much bandwidth can be used by various protocols on the network.

References:

http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/traffic-shaping

Question: 5

Which of the following is used to authenticate remote workers who connect from offsite? (Select TWO).

A. OSPF

B. VTP trunking

C. Virtual PBX

D. RADIUS

E. 802.1x

Answer: D, E

Explanation:

D: A RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-in User Service) server is a server with a database of user accounts and passwords used as a central authentication database for users requiring network access. RADIUS servers are commonly used by ISPs to authenticate their customers Internet connections.

Remote users connect to one or more Remote Access Servers. The remote access servers then forward the authentication requests to the central RADIUS server.

E: 802.1X is an IEEE Standard for Port-based Network Access Control (PNAC). It provides an authentication mechanism to devices wishing to attach to a network.

802.1X authentication involves three parties: a supplicant, an authenticator, and an authentication server. The supplicant is a client that wishes to attach to the network. The authenticator is a network device, such as an Ethernet switch, wireless access point or in this case, a remote access server and the authentication server is the RADIUS server.

Incorrect Answers:

A: OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a link-state IP routing protocol used for very large enterprise networks. OSPF is not used for the authentication of remote users.

B: VTP trunking is used for the propagation of VLAN information between network switches. A VLAN is a logical segmentation of the network performed by a layer 2 Ethernet switch. When a switch is configured with one or more VLANs, VTP trunking can be used to propagate the VLAN configuration to the other switches. VTP trunking is not used for the authentication of remote users.

C: A PBX (Private Branch eXchange) is a hardware system used in a telephone network. A PBX performs the routing and switching of calls between a business location and the telephone network. A virtual PBX is a software based PBX. A virtual PBX is not used for the authentication of remote users.

References:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.1X

http://www.techopedia.com/definition/26152/vlan-trunking-protocol-vtp

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UK tabloid Daily Star pays libel damages to Ozzy Osbourne
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UK tabloid Daily Star pays libel damages to Ozzy Osbourne
Author: Admin     02 27th, 2021 in Uncategorized     No Comments »

Saturday, June 7, 2008

The Daily Star, a tabloid newspaper in the United Kingdom, has paid an undisclosed amount of libel damages to Ozzy Osbourne stemming from an inaccurate representation of his appearance at the Brit Awards.

Osbourne, famous for both his solo rock career and fronting the heavy metal band Black Sabbath, was hosting the show alongside wife Sharon and children Jack and Kelly. In an ensuing Star article titled “Ozzy Freak Show”, the 59-year old was portrayed as suffering from health problems that rendered his ability to host the show questionable.

The article claimed that he had collapsed twice before the show began, prompting the show’s organisers to enter emergency talks debating whether Osbourne was fit to continue as planned or instead should be withdrawn and hospitalised. It also reported that the singer had used an electric buggy to move around behind the scenes and had been designated a place to sit in case he felt tired. All of these allegations were found to be false.

At the settlement in London’s High Court, at which the Osbournes were not present, Kate Wilson, representing Express Newspapers, apologised for the article and accepted that it should never have been published. Express Newspapers owns the Daily Star.

Osbourne says that the money will go to his wife’s charity, the Sharon Osbourne Colon Cancer Program.

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