N10 006 Preparation Kits}

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N10-006 Preparation Kits

Judith M. Ehlers

Question: 1

A technician needs to limit the amount of broadcast traffic on a network and allow different segments to communicate with each other. Which of the following options would satisfy these requirements?

A. Add a router and enable OSPF.

B. Add a layer 3 switch and create a VLAN.

C. Add a bridge between two switches.

D. Add a firewall and implement proper ACL.

Answer: B

Explanation:

We can limit the amount of broadcast traffic on a switched network by dividing the computers into logical network segments called VLANs.

A virtual local area network (VLAN) is a logical group of computers that appear to be on the same LAN even if they are on separate IP subnets. These logical subnets are configured in the network switches. Each VLAN is a broadcast domain meaning that only computers within the same VLAN will receive broadcast traffic.

To allow different segments (VLAN) to communicate with each other, a router is required to establish a connection between the systems. We can use a network router to route between the VLANs or we can use a Layer 3 switch. Unlike layer 2 switches that can only read the contents of the data-link layer protocol header in the packets they process, layer 3 switches can read the (IP) addresses in the network layer protocol header as well.

Incorrect Answers:

A: OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a link-state IP routing protocol used for very large enterprise networks. It is not used to limit broadcast traffic within networks. You could use a router and divide the network into smaller subnets to limit broadcast traffic; however, you would not use OSPF as the routing protocol.

C: A bridge is a layer 2 (data-link layer) device that splits a LAN into two separate collision domains and filters the packets passing between them by using their hardware addresses. However, a bridge will forward broadcast traffic between the collision domains so broadcast traffic will not be reduced.

D: A firewall is used to restrict traffic between networks or subnets (typically between the Internet and the LAN) based on rules that specify source/destination IPs and port numbers. You would not use a firewall within a network to limit broadcast traffic on the network.

References:

Zacker, Craig, CompTIA Network+ Exam N10-005 Training Kit, OReilly Media, Inc., Sebastopol, 2012, p 134

Question: 2

The network install is failing redundancy testing at the MDF. The traffic being transported is a mixture of multicast and unicast signals. Which of the following would BEST handle the rerouting caused by the disruption of service?

A. Layer 3 switch

B. Proxy server

C. Layer 2 switch

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jOE1PsbbSVA[/youtube]

D. Smart hub

Answer: A

Explanation:

The question states that the traffic being transported is a mixture of multicast and unicast signals. There are three basic types of network transmissions: broadcasts, which are packets transmitted to every node on the network; unicasts, which are packets transmitted to just one node; and multicasts, which are packets transmitted to a group of nodes. Multicast is a layer 3 feature of IPv4 & IPv6. Therefore, we would need a layer 3 switch (or a router) to reroute the traffic. Unlike layer 2 switches that can only read the contents of the data-link layer protocol header in the packets they process, layer 3 switches can read the (IP) addresses in the network layer protocol header as well.

Incorrect Answers:

B: There are different types of proxy server, the most common being a web proxy server. When a client application such as a web browser requests a web page, the request is sent to the proxy server. The proxy server will then fulfill the request either by serving a cached page or by requesting the web page from the web server. This can improve performance (less web pages being downloaded over an Internet connection) and improve security (web page requests can be blocked). A proxy server is not used to reroute unicast and multicast traffic in the event of a network connectivity interruption.

C: A layer 2 switch that can only read the contents of the data-link layer (layer 2) protocol header in the packets they process. A layer 2 switch cannot route multicast (layer 3) traffic.

D: Years ago, switches were very expensive compared to hubs. Nowadays, switches are much cheaper so most people use switches rather than hubs. Computers connect to hubs in the same way they connect to switches. However, traffic sent to one hub port will be forwarded out of all the other ports because hubs do not maintain a MAC address table so they do not know which port a destination computer is connected to. A smart hub has some added intelligence that enables it to detect and isolate network problems. However, a smart hub does not reroute traffic.

References:

Zacker, Craig, CompTIA Network+ Exam N10-005 Training Kit, OReilly Media, Inc., Sebastopol, 2012, p 134

http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/proxy-server

http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/answer/What-is-a-smart-hub-as-opposed-to-one-that-is-not-dumb-hub

Question: 3

Which of the following network devices use ACLs to prevent unauthorized access into company systems?

A. IDS

B. Firewall

C. Content filter

D. Load balancer

Answer: B

Explanation:

A firewall is a system designed to prevent unauthorized access to or from a private network. Firewalls are frequently used to prevent unauthorized Internet users from accessing private networks connected to the Internet, especially intranets. Firewalls use ACLs (access control lists) to determine which traffic is allowed through the firewall. All traffic entering or leaving the intranet passes through the firewall, which examines each message and blocks or allows the message depending on rules specified in the ACL. The rules in the ACL specify which combinations of source IP address, destination address in IP port numbers are allowed.

Incorrect Answers:

A: An intrusion detection system (IDS) is a hardware device or software application that monitors network or system activities for malicious activities or policy violations and produces reports to a management station. An IDS does not use an ACL to prevent unauthorized access into company systems.

C: The most common type of content filter is a web content filter. A web content filter is a hardware device or software application that examines web pages as they are downloaded. The page can then be blocked if it does not comply with company web policy. A content filter does not use an ACL to prevent unauthorized access into company systems.

D: A load balancer is a hardware device or software application that directs traffic between multiple servers to balance the load between the servers. For example, if you have multiple web servers serving the same content, a load balancer will evenly distribute requests for the web pages between the servers. A load balancer does not use an ACL to prevent unauthorized access into company systems.

References:

http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/F/firewall.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrusion_detection_system

Question: 4

Which of the following is used to define how much bandwidth can be used by various protocols on the network?

A. Traffic shaping

B. High availability

C. Load balancing

D. Fault tolerance

Answer: A

Explanation:

If a network connection becomes saturated to the point where there is a significant level of contention, network latency can rise substantially.

Traffic shaping is used to control the bandwidth used by network traffic. In a corporate environment, business-related traffic may be given priority over other traffic. Traffic can be prioritized based on the ports used by the application sending the traffic. Delayed traffic is stored in a buffer until the higher priority traffic has been sent.

Incorrect Answers:

B: High availability is a term used to describe a network or system that can remain operational in the event of a component failure. For example, two servers in a cluster are a common high availability solution. If one server fails, the other takes over. In networking terms, high availability would include redundant network links and network devices such as switches and routers such that computers would still be able to communicate in the event of a failure of any network device. High availability is not used to define how much bandwidth can be used by various protocols on the network.

C: A load balancer is a hardware device or software application that directs traffic between multiple servers to balance the load between the servers. For example, if you have multiple web servers serving the same content, a load balancer can evenly distribute requests for the web pages between the servers. Load balancing is the process of distributing a load between resources. Load balancing is not used to define how much bandwidth can be used by various protocols on the network.

D: Fault tolerance is similar to high availability. It describes a systems ability to remain available in the event of a component failure. Fault tolerance is not used to define how much bandwidth can be used by various protocols on the network.

References:

http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/traffic-shaping

Question: 5

Which of the following is used to authenticate remote workers who connect from offsite? (Select TWO).

A. OSPF

B. VTP trunking

C. Virtual PBX

D. RADIUS

E. 802.1x

Answer: D, E

Explanation:

D: A RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-in User Service) server is a server with a database of user accounts and passwords used as a central authentication database for users requiring network access. RADIUS servers are commonly used by ISPs to authenticate their customers Internet connections.

Remote users connect to one or more Remote Access Servers. The remote access servers then forward the authentication requests to the central RADIUS server.

E: 802.1X is an IEEE Standard for Port-based Network Access Control (PNAC). It provides an authentication mechanism to devices wishing to attach to a network.

802.1X authentication involves three parties: a supplicant, an authenticator, and an authentication server. The supplicant is a client that wishes to attach to the network. The authenticator is a network device, such as an Ethernet switch, wireless access point or in this case, a remote access server and the authentication server is the RADIUS server.

Incorrect Answers:

A: OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a link-state IP routing protocol used for very large enterprise networks. OSPF is not used for the authentication of remote users.

B: VTP trunking is used for the propagation of VLAN information between network switches. A VLAN is a logical segmentation of the network performed by a layer 2 Ethernet switch. When a switch is configured with one or more VLANs, VTP trunking can be used to propagate the VLAN configuration to the other switches. VTP trunking is not used for the authentication of remote users.

C: A PBX (Private Branch eXchange) is a hardware system used in a telephone network. A PBX performs the routing and switching of calls between a business location and the telephone network. A virtual PBX is a software based PBX. A virtual PBX is not used for the authentication of remote users.

References:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.1X

http://www.techopedia.com/definition/26152/vlan-trunking-protocol-vtp

Test Information:Total Questions: 329Test Number: N10-006Vendor Name: CompTIACert Name: COMPTIA NETWORK+Test Name: CompTIA Network+ Certification ExamOfficial Site: http://www.examkill.co.ukFor More Details http://www.examkill.co.uk/N10-006.htmlGet20% Immediate Discount on Full Training MaterialDiscount Coupon Code: 3219R86597

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UK tabloid Daily Star pays libel damages to Ozzy Osbourne

Author: Admin 02 27th, 2021 in Uncategorized No Comments »

Saturday, June 7, 2008

The Daily Star, a tabloid newspaper in the United Kingdom, has paid an undisclosed amount of libel damages to Ozzy Osbourne stemming from an inaccurate representation of his appearance at the Brit Awards.

Osbourne, famous for both his solo rock career and fronting the heavy metal band Black Sabbath, was hosting the show alongside wife Sharon and children Jack and Kelly. In an ensuing Star article titled “Ozzy Freak Show”, the 59-year old was portrayed as suffering from health problems that rendered his ability to host the show questionable.

The article claimed that he had collapsed twice before the show began, prompting the show’s organisers to enter emergency talks debating whether Osbourne was fit to continue as planned or instead should be withdrawn and hospitalised. It also reported that the singer had used an electric buggy to move around behind the scenes and had been designated a place to sit in case he felt tired. All of these allegations were found to be false.

At the settlement in London’s High Court, at which the Osbournes were not present, Kate Wilson, representing Express Newspapers, apologised for the article and accepted that it should never have been published. Express Newspapers owns the Daily Star.

Osbourne says that the money will go to his wife’s charity, the Sharon Osbourne Colon Cancer Program.

Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=UK_tabloid_Daily_Star_pays_libel_damages_to_Ozzy_Osbourne&oldid=2498391”

Thursday, March 16, 2006

Anti-war demonstrators in Sydney, Australia on Thursday dubbed U.S. Secretary of State Dr Condoleezza Rice a “war criminal” and “murderer.” Two protesters were evicted and five people were arrested during protests against the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq.

Dr Rice, on a three-day trip to Australia, said she understood why people found it hard to be positive about Iraq when all they saw on their television screens was violence.

Soon after Rice began her speech at the University of Sydney’s Conservatorium of Music, two protesters shouted from the rear of the auditorium, “Condoleezza Rice, you are a war criminal,” and “Iraqi blood is on your hands and you cannot wash that blood away.” Standing with their palms towards her, the young man and woman repeated their accusation until security intervened to remove them from the hall.

About 15 minutes into Rice’s address, a third protester appeared at a balcony door, interrupting her speech as she referred to freedom. “What kind of freedom are you talking about? You are a murderer,” said the demonstrator before he was quietly escorted from the hall. “I’m very glad to see that democracy is well and alive here at the university,” she said.

In her speech, Rice sought to justify the U.S. occupation of Iraq, describing Iraqis as now more free. One student asked about abuses committed by U.S. forces at the Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq. She said the abuses had made her “sick to her stomach.” However, she defended Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, where human rights groups say detainees are held in inhumane conditions and in detention flouting international laws.

Before Rice began her speech, about 50 protesters were gathered at the front gates of the Conservatorium. The group were confronted by police on horseback and by police dogs. Police used the horses to charge into the group of activists and push them back, as a police helicopter hovered.

A police spokeswoman said the group was blocking pedestrian access to the building and that police had spent more than 20 minutes warning them to move. The police then moved in and pushed the crowd back 20 metres. Police say five people have been charged with “hindering police in the execution of their duties.”

The “Stop the War Coalition” says Rice is a “war criminal” and is not welcome in Australia. The group’s spokeswoman, Anna Samson, says the protest is one of many planned in the lead-up to the third anniversary of the invasion and occupation of Iraq on March 20.

Paddy Gibson, from the University of Sydney’s Student’s Council, says the protest is in opposition to the Iraq war, and to the use of the University of Sydney’s campus to host Rice, “the most powerful woman in the world,” who they say is a war criminal. “They’re saying, ‘… you’ve got Sydney Uni’s support to stand up and peddle your murderous hate speeches,’ which is what we see it,” he said.

“You’ve got 180,000 people killed, as we said, for no other reason than strategic control of the region’s oil resources. And the anti-Muslim racism that’s been whipped up to justify this war is being felt by Sydney University students,” said Mr Gibson.

Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=Demonstrators_protest_Condoleezza_Rice%27s_trip_to_Australia&oldid=1987219”

Sunday, April 3, 2005

Volunteers from across the United States and some foreign countries gathered Friday to start an unofficial border patrol project.

They converged on the town of Tombstone, Arizona to take part in what organizers call the Minuteman Project.

Many came with personal firearms, cell phones or walking canes.

Most estimates numbered the group at 400 to 450 people, recruited from the Internet, far less than the 1,300 the organizers had hoped for, but “it was enough to send a message,” according to Rep. Tom Tancredo, R-Colo.

“The federal government has walked away from this border,” he told some volunteers. He gained support and popularity for his stance against illegal immigration, but was characterized as anti-immigration in general.

“We are here to exercise what is a basic American right: free speech and the right to assemble,” he said.

Local citizens such as Luis Martinez, a third-generation Tombstone-area resident, were very unhappy with the developments. “They’ve come here to cause problems — to fight. Not to solve problems.

“I work in a ranch and all the ranchers use labor from the other side” of the border.

As Martinez fought back tears, he said he wanted to see the throngs leave Tombstone and go home.

During speeches delivered at orientation meetings, Rep. Tancredo was applauded loudly as he dismissed criticism from those who have called the volunteers racists and xenophobes. His fellow [[Republican Party (US)|Republican}}, President George Bush, described the group as “vigilantes.” Mexican President Vicente Fox used the term cazamigrantes — immigrant hunters.

Tancredo said: “We are saying to our government, ‘Please enforce the law,’ That is not a radical idea. That is not a vigilante idea. It is an American concept: the rule of law.”

Many of the volunteers, some from as far away as Italy, are bedding down in the nearby Miracle Valley Bible College for about $5 a night. Others are camping on the grounds of the run-down campus, about two miles north of the border.

Opposing sides were on the streets in Tombstone, although it appeared there was little contact or friction. Local, state and federal officers had mobilized in case confrontations arose.

James Gilchrist, a former Marine and a retired accountant from Aliso Viejo, Arizona, who ran the sign-up effort, said he expected more than 1,000 volunteers to help highlight the 30-day effort. The project’s goal is to patrol 23 miles of the San Pedro Valley, watch the border, and report illegal activity to law enforcement officials.

Many people fear that the project could result in vigilante violence. Organizers hope it causes the U.S. government to increase border patrols.

Tombstone is best known as the site of the 1881 shootout at the OK Corral.

Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=Volunteers_gather_to_help_patrol_Arizona%27s_border_with_Mexico&oldid=1731207”

N10 006 Preparation Kits}

UK tabloid Daily Star pays libel damages to Ozzy Osbourne

Demonstrators protest Condoleezza Rice’s trip to Australia

Wikinews 2020: An ‘Original reporting’ year in review

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Volunteers gather to help patrol Arizona’s border with Mexico

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The Complex And Precise Work Of Agricultural Grain Dryers In Oregon

Australia/2006

Contents

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Rockefeller says Iraq is draining funds